Analysis of three base station construction methods

Under the unified deployment of China Mobile Communications Group, the construction of the third phase of TD-SCDMA (hereinafter referred to as TD) is nearing completion. With the cooperation of all forces and personnel, TD network construction is advancing at a construction speed unimaginable in the GSM era. However, due to the influence of various objective factors such as huge engineering volume, equipment maturity, and increasing difficulty in site property negotiation, TD network engineering construction has encountered many difficulties. Hunan Mobile Company actively faces difficulties and has the courage to solve problems. It adopts new technologies and new products in the construction process, sums up new ideas and new experiences, reduces construction difficulties, speeds up construction progress, and reduces construction investment costs.

Macro base station construction

At present, almost all TD devices adopt the compact BBU+RRU mode. The innovative application of the macro base station construction process is mainly concentrated in the outdoor antenna feeder unit. The TD base station adopts a smart antenna, and the width of the antenna panel is large. On the one hand, the occupied roof space is large. On the other hand, the increase of the antenna panel deepens the fear of the antenna radiation of the owner, and the TD base station is difficult to locate and construct due to various reasons. Hunan Mobile actively coordinated urban public departments such as urban management and gardens, and covered with streetlight pole base stations and beautified tree base stations to improve the coverage environment and improve the progress of the station construction. After testing, the coverage effect was good.

The new feeder connector box plays an important role. Since the antenna used by the TD base station is an eight-element smart antenna, each feeder has nine feeders connected to the RRU, so that each TD sector has 18 feeder connectors. When constructing the feeder joint of TD, if the traditional waterproof tape is used, the construction is quite difficult, the construction takes a long time, and the appearance is greatly reduced. It is estimated that it takes about two hours for each sector to be waterproofed. Hunan Mobile Company uses the feeder connector box to waterproof the feeder connector in the TD construction. During the construction, the feeder connector is placed in the feeder connector box, and then the cover is closed. The connector box can be installed in about 20 minutes per sector. . Because the feeder connector box uses the technique of infusion of "super gel", it can achieve a good waterproof effect. By adopting this method, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, the progress of the project is accelerated, and the purpose of waterproofing is achieved, and the maintenance and disassembly in the future is also facilitated.

Indoor coverage base station construction

At present, there are still some shortcomings in the traditional fiber optic cable connection from the BBU unit to the RRU unit. For example, there are still some defects in the mechanical properties such as tensile, anti-wear and anti-side pressure. It is relatively time-consuming to deploy the field cable. Meet the needs of indoor pipeline installation and installation scenarios such as towers and towers.

For the scenes such as towers and towers, when using traditional field cables, it is generally necessary to deploy multiple field cables according to the actual configuration, which not only increases the construction difficulty but also affects the construction progress. In addition, the construction environment of towers, towers and other towers is relatively harsh. After the completion of the deployment of traditional field cables, there will be problems such as fiber breakage or excessive optical loss, which will not meet the requirements for opening stations, resulting in the need to replace optical fibers and delay construction progress. Opening rate.

The node distributed optical cable design and construction scheme adopted by Hunan Mobile TD Engineering Innovation can be applied to invisible environments such as inner tube tower, indoor pipeline and soil burial without wire rack, and can be applied to iron towers, roofs, outer tube towers, etc. Visible environment. The node distributed optical cable solution is mainly composed of a fiber optic cable connector box, a multi-core dry optical cable (12 core), a pigtail, etc. Each cable connector box can output a maximum of 6 dual-core optical cables, and a single multi-core dry optical cable is used together. (6-way dual-core optical cable), can meet the needs of the macro station three-sector base station. At the same time, reserve certain redundancy according to needs. When there is a problem with a certain optical cable, it is only necessary to replace the connector at both ends, no need to re-lay, greatly shortening the troubleshooting time, and effectively solving the traditional optical cable solution deployment, The problems in the replacement aspect have broadened the application ideas of the optical cable, improved the construction efficiency, and reduced the maintenance difficulty.

Because the current project uses BBU+RRU distributed deployment, the BBU and the RRU transmit signals through the optical fiber, which increases the long-distance distance of the radio, which not only reduces the network construction cost, but also installs the RRU as close as possible to the antenna, saving the cost of the feeder. Reduce feeder loss, increase output power, and increase coverage. However, in an indoor coverage application scenario, the RRU device is usually located far away from the equipment room. If the power supply of the RRU device is remotely powered from the BBU room, the power line voltage drop is too large in the long-distance transmission. The electric loss is too high, which also increases the cost of using the power cord. Hunan Mobile Company adopted the integrated small Switching Power Supply ZXDU58 to take power in the TD indoor coverage project innovation, which solved the power supply problem of RRU equipment. The power system has strong field environment adaptability and can be used in harsh outdoor environments. The system has centralized monitoring, battery maintenance and management functions to meet the requirements of outdoor intelligent unattended operation. The system adopts internationally advanced rectifiers. The conversion technology can fully satisfy the power supply requirements of access network equipment, remote switching offices, mobile communication equipment, transmission equipment, satellite earth stations and microwave communication equipment.

Microwave remote station construction

Since the development of mobile communication networks, transmission has become a key factor restricting network construction. In the past, including the construction of large networks (base stations) and indoor distribution (relay stations), the transmission method was mainly optical fiber, but with the speed of development of mobile communication, especially after the issuance of 3G licenses, the construction speed of transmission systems could not be achieved. Meet the progress requirements of 3G network construction.

The application of the microwave remote system can solve the problems faced by optical fiber transmission, reduce the difficulty of site selection, speed up the construction of the station, and vigorously promote the development of TD network, improve the user experience, and help build a boutique TD network. The principle of TD microwave remote system is to use the near-end machine to couple the RF signal, convert the RF signal into the intermediate frequency signal through the internal IDU (indoor unit) of the near-end machine and then convert it into the microwave signal, which is transmitted by the microwave antenna; at the far end, the microwave The antenna transmits the received microwave signal to the remote unit and simultaneously converts it into an intermediate frequency signal and transmits it to the IDU. The IDU converts the intermediate frequency signal into a radio frequency signal. Finally, the RF module amplifies the signal and performs area coverage. The microwave remote system includes a microwave access unit (MAU), a microwave transmission unit (MTU), and a microwave remote unit (MRU). In the practical application, Hunan Mobile moderately adopts the microwave remote system, which reduces the difficulty of site selection, speeds up the construction of stations, and improves network quality and user perception.

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